专有名词及英文写作积累模板

专有名词

transverse 横向的

magnitude 巨大

normal strain 正应变

floor-plan area 楼层平面面积

aspect ratio 纵横比

configuration 配置；结构

wall-reinforcement ratios 墙配筋率

extreme fiber stress 极限纤维应力

ductility factor 延性系数

herein 在此

oscillators 振子

regions coincide 重合区域

characteristic ground period地面特征周期

spectra 谱

generalized spectra 广义谱

tentative 暂定的

vibration 振动

two-thirds exponent 三分之二指数

damped 阻尼的

plotted 指出

incorporate 合并；包含在内

tributary 支流；从属

mean story height 平均层高

aligned in 对齐

in terms of 依据

as a result of 由于

curvature 曲率

times 乘

material overstrength 材料超强度

iterative 迭代的

attributes 属性；归结于

deterioration 恶化

suppress 抑制

tangent modulus theory 切线模量理论

end restraint coefficient 端部约束系数

indiscriminate 不加区分的

coupled walls 联肢墙

cantilever walls 悬臂墙

are coupled by 由…耦合

perimeter frames 边缘框架

multiplier 乘数

complication 复杂

plastic hinge 塑性铰

sufficient 足够的

preclude 排除

slope 斜率

three-bay 三跨

finish materials 饰面材料

base wall diagonal 底墙对角线

coupling effects 耦合效应

terms 术语

typical floor 标准层

plan of the building 建筑物平面图

noncompliance 不合规

normal stresses 正应力

acknowledge 鸣谢

写作积累

arbitrary 任意的

intrinsically 本身固有地

daunting 令人生畏的

cumbersome 复杂的；冗长的

vulnerability 脆弱性；可捕性

specified in 由…规定

complies with 遵守

conducted by 由…确定（指挥）

prior to 在…之前

relatively low 相对较低

to be conservative 保守

low to moderate seismic regions 中低地震区

substituting the result into 将结果代入

difference in the tension and compression steel reinforcing ratios 拉压钢筋配筋率的差异

restrain buckling of longitudinal reinforcement 抑制纵向钢筋的屈曲

The overall process can be summarized as follows整个过程可总结如下

This topic is considered in the next section下一节将讨论此主题

The proposed analytical approach can easily be applied to assist in preliminary design建议的分析方法可以很容易地应用于协助初步设计

1.An analytical approach to determine the need to provide ···at ··· is presented.

提出了一种分析方法，用于确定在···提供···的必要性。

2.In addition, applications of the proposed analytical approach are provided for preliminary design and for the evaluation of an existing building.

此外，还提供了拟议分析方法在初步设计和现有建筑评估中的应用。

3.The studies reported herein focus on presenting a methodology for developing new code provisions for ··· by modifying and expanding ··· approach presented by ···.

本文报告的研究重点在于通过修改和扩展···提出的···方法，提出一种制定···新规范规定的方法。

4.The following sections describe the details of the approach for ···.

以下各节详细介绍了关于···的方法。

5.In the present paper, ··· will be used to present the fundamentals of the displacement based approach.

在本论文中，将使用···介绍基于位移的方法的基本原理。

6.The validity of (4) was verified by comparison with measured periods for shear wall buildings

通过与剪力墙建筑实测周期的比较，验证了（4）的有效性

7.The global deformations of the structure are related to local deformations imposed on the wall cross section in the following section.

结构的整体变形与下一节中施加在墙体横截面上的局部变形有关。

8.Application of the equations to preliminary design and in the evaluation of existing construction are discussed later in the present paper.

本文稍后将讨论这些方程在初步设计和现有结构评估中的应用。

9.Fig. 7 indicates that the ··· increases as the ··· increase.

图7表明···随着···的增加而增加

10.it is apparent that the ratio of wall area to floor plan area plays a major role in the expected performance of shear wall buildings.

显然，墙体面积与楼层平面面积的比率在剪力墙建筑的预期性能中起着重要作用。

11.Therefore, a ··· coefficient of 0.5 is used in the present paper and results in the following:

因此，本文件中使用了0.5的···系数，结果如下：

12.The derivations and conclusions in the previous sections are based on the ···；

前面章节中的推导和结论基于···；

13.Consideration of the effects of ··· are discussed in the following paragraphs.

以下段落将讨论···的影响。

14.However, until additional information is available, ··· is recommended.

15.To detail the potential uses of the analytical approach presented, three applications are presented.

为了详细说明分析方法的潜在用途，本文介绍了三个应用。

16.Vertical web steel consisted of 13 mm bars at 20 cm (approximately No. 4 U.S. bar at 7.87 in.).

垂直腹板钢由13mm钢筋组成，长度为20cm（约4号美国钢筋，长7.87 in）。

17.A simplified linear spectrum is used to obtain an estimate of roof drift for a damageability limit state based on (6), and results in a maximum lateral roof drift of 1.6%.

根据（6）使用简化的线性谱对损伤极限状态下的顶板偏移进行估算，得出最大横向顶部偏移为1.6%。

18. ···, are evaluated to determine whether adequate wall deformation capacity is predicted with the proposed analytical approach.

对···进行评估，以确定是否使用建议的分析方法预测了足够的墙体变形能力。

19.Based on this simple application, it is apparent that use of the proposed analytical approach does not require substantial computational effort , nor is it cumbersome.

基于这一简单的应用，显然使用拟议的分析方法不需要大量的计算工作，也不麻烦。

20.It is noted that the computed periods agree reasonably well with the measured periods noted previously, and that the use of the computed periods provides a conservative estimate of required details.

值得注意的是，计算的周期与前面提到的测量周期相当吻合，并且使用计算的周期提供了对所需细节的保守估计。

21.The results are also consistent with the observed performance of ··· (Wallace and Moehle 1989, 1993).

结果也与···的观测性能一致。

22.A new methodology for seismic design of reinforced concrete structural walls is presented. The approach is based on comparing directly the expected displacement capacities and demands for a building. An overview of the displacement-based approach and the expected benefits compared with current code approaches are discussed. It is concluded that a displacement-based approach allows for greater design flexibility compared with current code approaches.

提出了一种钢筋混凝土结构墙体抗震设计的新方法。该方法基于直接比较建筑物的预期位移能力和需求。讨论了基于位移的方法的概述以及与当前规范方法相比的预期效益。结果表明，与现行规范方法相比，基于位移的方法具有更大的设计灵活性。

23.The deformations imposed on the wall cross section depend on the wall reinforcing ratios, the wall axial stress, the material properties of the concrete and reinforcing steel, the wall aspect ratio and configuration, and the ratio of wall cross-sectional area to floor-plan area.

施加在墙体横截面上的变形取决于墙体配筋率、墙体轴向应力、混凝土和钢筋的材料特性、墙体纵横比和结构以及墙体横截面面积与楼层平面面积的比率。

24.In addition, the applications indicated that the analytical approach is relatively simple to apply in preliminary design and may provide a valuable tool for evaluating the vulnerability of existing construction.

此外，应用表明，分析方法在初步设计中的应用相对简单，可为评估现有建筑的脆弱性提供有价值的工具。

/ 本期编辑 /

文献翻译：汤明生

图文排版：吴嘿嘿

审       核：罗   源、吴嘿嘿