建筑案例-茶室建筑设计

发布于 2021-01-29 19:47

Lufang Teahouse, Changzhou, Jiangsu

江苏常州陆方茶室

陆方茶室只有六个平米的大小，是UAO主持设计师李涛设计的最小建筑。景观设计也由UAO负责，茶室位于公园北侧池塘边，另一侧是下塘河、公园，两边的风景都很优美。

设计最开始的策略就是将位置定在两侧水面夹击的长条堤岸上，更好的体现亲水感以及对风景的零距离观赏。茶室的坡面朝向西边池塘，会在池塘对岸黑松林里看到其倒影。

设计师引入一条蜿蜒的碎石子小路到茶室南侧，并在南北侧种植了一棵紫薇，一棵朴树，北侧入口的朴树倒向水面，枝条在空中又弯回茶室，与茶室的混凝土墙面形成刚柔对比。

设计将传统的中国古建筑坡屋顶的形态简化，中间起坡刚好形成东向通风高窗。

木纹混凝土外表皮刷了清漆做保护，使得建成后的木纹混凝土摆脱了生水泥的颜色，显得厚重。外挂竹百叶经过水煮处理，颜色也趋近木纹混凝土。

关于茶空间的思考

很多时候我们认为边喝茶边看美景很爽，但其实这并不是喝茶的最高境界。日本建筑师藤森照信曾经设计一个树屋茶室，架在树上，仅容两人。人上去后如果老在动，茶室和树会跟着晃动，就不能安心品茶。所以他用这个装置建筑限制了人动，让人只有喉头在动：品茶，从而真正体味到茶之味。

那么，我们这个小小的茶室，美景真的很重要吗？尤其是处于这么好的风景位置，设计师觉得：有限制的美景才是最好的体验。

所以，茶室的方案：一个半封闭，半下沉的盒子，进入它要从室外地面下去600mm。进去后，视线只是在露出室外地面300mm的地方无遮挡，300mm以上高1700MM的部分均为竹子百叶半遮挡住。人要看风景，需要俯下身，表达了对茶和风景的敬畏之情。

心灵栖息地

喝茶的人，是需要向下走进的，只能在被留下的缝隙里看到外面的水景，墙面会反射外面波光粼粼的水面，喝茶的人围坐在下沉中心茶桌边，只看到截取的风景和反射的波纹，内心只有这壶茶。

茶室由三片木纹混凝土结构墙支撑起水平挑檐横板，没有其他结构梁出现。三片结构墙的位置是刻意对茶室内的人的视线做了限制，将视线限制在两边的水面范围。

细节设计

北侧入口的挑檐挖了一个圆形洞口，将茶室名字“陆方”焊接在洞口一侧，一年中只有当夏日午后的阳光照射的时刻，会在入口墙面上很短暂的显示“陆方”两个字的影子。圆形洞口对应的地上是设计师挑选的一块石磨，宛如顶部洞口切割掉下来的感觉。在屋顶中间设计有一凹槽收集雨水，并顺着入口处的钢丝流向入口台阶，引流至石磨周围干铺的石子。

老房子的一对门板，改造后一块做了茶室的门板，一块做了茶室内的茶桌。门口檐板的高度，刚刚好让人低头进入，心绪随之平静。阳光照耀下，将竹百叶的影子投射到茶桌和木纹混凝土的墙面上。

坐在茶室内，外面的美景被限制，被隔绝，心随之收敛，只有茶之味。

项目名称：江苏常州陆方茶室

主创设计师：李涛

建筑施工图：李龙
景观：虞娟娟、胡炳盛、吕月娟
摄影：存在建筑-建筑摄影，李涛

Wujie · Xixi Teahouse

无界 · 西溪茶室

「无界西溪茶室」坐落于杭州西溪国家湿地公园。西溪，占地面积11.5平方公里，这里“曲水弯环，群山四绕，名园古刹，前后踵接，又多芦汀沙溆”，是一个集城市湿地、农耕湿地、文化湿地于一体的国家湿地公园。

“Boundless Tea House” is located in Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park. Xixi covers an area of 11.5 square kilometers. Here, it is a collection of urban wetlands, agricultural wetlands and cultural wetlands. It is surrounded by curved water rings, four winding mountains, ancient temples, and front and rear sills. National Wetland Park.

茶室改造前存在着不透光、封闭和建筑老旧等问题。设计师沈墨和陶建浦在与业主沟通和对茶室的了解分析后，他们希望能够打破传统，同时又保留传统，达到文化与建筑的共生目的。正如客户所希望的那样 ——“一个用风景读客的地方”。

Before the renovation of the tea room, there were problems such as opacity, closure and old building. Designers Shen Mo and Tao Jianpu, after communicating with the owners and understanding the tea room, they hope to break the tradition while retaining the tradition and achieving the symbiosis between culture and architecture. As the customer wants – “a place to read visitors with scenery.”

设计师在保护传统柱梁结构的基础的上，为设计做了减法，采用了大落地玻璃，露出建筑本身的骨架，入口处的大玻璃盒子代表了一个无形的界限，既将四周景色与室内空间相互打通，又增强了采光性与通透性。走入其中，有种虚实之间交错之感，颇有佛法中“一切有为法，如梦幻泡影”的意味。

On the basis of protecting the traditional column and beam structure, the designer made a subtraction for the design, using large floor-to-ceiling glass to reveal the skeleton of the building itself. The large glass box at the entrance represents an invisible boundary, which not only surrounds the scenery and indoors. The space is open to each other, which enhances the lighting and permeability. Going into it, there is a sense of intertwining between the real and the virtual, quite a bit of the meaning of “all things are law, such as dream bubbles” in the Dharma.

沿着入口石子道路缓缓深入空间中，尽头处是一片微型的自然景观，与室外的景色交相呼应。当阳光穿透玻璃射入空间中，随着光影的摆动，万物似乎拥有了生命，斑驳的树影，静谧的佛像、灵动而美妙。此刻时间被无限延长，犹如一场心安气足的经行。

Along the entrance stone path slowly deep into the space, at the end is a miniature natural landscape, echoing the outdoor scenery. When the sun penetrates the glass into the space, as the light and shadow swing, everything seems to have life, mottled tree shadows, quiet Buddha statues, smart and wonderful. At this moment, the time is infinitely extended, like a peace of mind.

公共接待区域灵感来自于一个精美的白色礼盒，环绕式储藏柜外部是茶品展示售卖空间，内部则是茶品储藏空间。设计师将格子巧妙地划分成了繁体的“無”字，在空间中更加凸显出无界的品牌文化。

The public reception area is inspired by a beautiful white gift box, the exterior of the wrap-around storage cabinet is a tea display space, and the interior is a tea storage space. The designer subtly divides the grid into a traditional “無” (nothing) character, which further highlights the unbounded brand culture in the space.

在前厅的另一侧做了一个山水的景观，放上一把古椅，一台烛灯，顶面悬空着一根来自周围树木的树枝，当灯光照射时，白墙上便展现出曲折蜿蜒的投影，西溪美丽景色在室内得到延续，也是无界的理念体现。

On the other side of the vestibule, I made a landscape of mountains and rivers, put on an ancient chair, a candle lamp, and a tree branch from the surrounding trees hanging from the top. When the light is shining, the white wall shows a twist. The projection of the hustle and bustle, the beautiful scenery of Xixi continues in the interior, and it is also the embodiment of the unbounded concept.

为了让立面自由，白色的墙面、玻璃面、传统木柱之间保持着一定距离，像是某种精神上的对话，产生了距离美。

In order to make the facade free, there is a certain distance between the white wall, the glass surface and the traditional wooden pillar. It is like a kind of spiritual dialogue, which creates a distance beauty.

庭院两侧的景观茶空间由原本的储物间改造而来，将原本的空间打通，做了一个外扩的处理，放置一把椅子可以随时观赏室外的风景。

The landscape tea space on both sides of the courtyard was reconstructed from the original storage room. The original space was opened and an external expansion was made. A chair can be placed to watch the outdoor scenery at any time.

茶室中有着一间大型会议空间，可以在此开设会议、论坛进行交流。品茶观景，让会议变成是一件怡然自得的事情，模糊了规则的边界，也能让思考更加具有效率和意义。

There is a large conference space in the tea room where you can set up meetings and forums for exchanges. Tea viewing makes the meeting a pleasant thing, blurring the boundaries of the rules, and making thinking more efficient and meaningful.

每间茶空间的设计根据不同的景观环境量身打造，此处的茶空间被一片竹林包围，同时又融入了一点当代元素，古与今的无界对话，席地而坐，享受在竹林中畅谈品茶的乐趣。

The design of each tea space is tailored to different landscapes. The tea space here is surrounded by a bamboo forest. At the same time, it incorporates a little contemporary elements. The ancient and modern unbounded dialogues sit on the ground and enjoy the tea in the bamboo forest. pleasure.

在空间设计中，尽量将画面留白，用自然植物作为点缀，一切都来源于自然，这样的空间才更加纯粹、和谐。

In the space design, try to leave the picture blank, use natural plants as an embellishment, everything comes from nature, and this space is more pure and harmonious.

餐厅设计概念是把一个“玻璃盒”置入竹林风景中，自然与空间结合地淋漓尽致。体现出了传统与现代共生，人建筑与自然共生的理念。

In the restaurant design concept, a “glass box” is placed in the bamboo forest landscape, and the combination of nature and space is vivid. It reflects the concept of symbiosis between tradition and modernity, and symbiosis between human architecture and nature.