为什么小飞机不能跟在大飞机后面起飞?

按照一般的逻辑

跟在大飞机屁股后面飞 

阻力应该更小啊

        According to general logic,There should be less resistance when flying behind a bigger plane

实际上

大飞机造成的气流

会严重干扰小飞机的正常飞行

甚至造成飞行事故

     In fact,turbulence caused by bigger planes will seriously interfere with the normal flight of small aircraft,Even caused a flight accident.

飞机起飞后

机翼翼尖处会产生翼尖涡流

也就是飞机尾流的主体部分

机翼翼尖处有自下而上翻动的气流

因此会形成高速旋转的两股螺旋形气流

两股气流向后、向下延伸

持续旋转 且旋转方向相反

       After the planes take off,Wing tip vortices are produced at the wing tip which the main part of the wake.There is a bottom-up airflow at the tip of the machine,this creates two spirals of air that spin at high speed.Two streams of air extend backward and downward,also keep rotating and rotate in the opposite direction.

两股涡流内侧会形成强大的下降气流

外侧形成强大的上升气流

当小飞机起飞进入这个空域

向下的气流会使它下坠

而在刚刚起飞时 

飞行员反应时间也很短 

飞机很可能会直接砸到地面上

Strong downdrafts form inside the two eddies,strong updrafts form on the outside.When the small plane takes off into this airspace, the downdraft will cause it to fall and just after takeoff, pilots also have very short reaction times, the plane could have hit the ground.

所以小飞机要等待一段时间 

增大起飞间隔

等前面的飞机尾流消散地差不多了 

才能正常起飞

So small planes have to wait a while.Increased take-off interval for waiting until the wake dissipates to take off properly.

作者 | 航旅纵横

编辑 | 赵一鸣