2021政府工作报告 part 2

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二是优先稳就业保民生,人民生活得到切实保障。就业是最大的民生,保市场主体也是为稳就业保民生。各地加大稳岗扩岗激励力度,企业和员工共同克服困难。多渠道做好重点群体就业工作,支持大众创业万众创新带动就业。新增市场主体恢复快速增长,创造了大量就业岗位。城镇新增就业 1186 万人,年末全国城镇调查失业率降到 5.2％。作为最大发展中国家,在巨大冲击下能够保持就业大局稳定,尤为难能可贵。加强生活必需品保供稳价,居民消费价格上涨2.5％。线上办公、网络购物、无接触配送等广泛开展。大幅度扩大失业保险保障范围。对因疫情遇困群众及时给予救助,新纳入低保、特困供养近 600 万人,实施临时救助超过 800 万人次。抵御严重洪涝、台风等自然灾害,全力应急抢险救援,妥善安置受灾群众,保障了人民群众生命财产安全和基本生活。 

2. We gave top priority to（优先） stabilizing employment and ensuring living standards and effectively safeguarded people’s wellbeing（民生）. 

Employment is pivotal（关键的） to people’s wellbeing. Our efforts to keep market entities afloat(当前的) are aimed at maintaining stable employment and meeting basic living needs. Local governments across the country provided more incentives（激励措施） to stabilize and expand employment, thus enabling businesses and their employees to work hand-in-hand to overcome（共同克服） their difficulties. Multiple channels were tapped to（被利用） ensure employment for key groups, and startups（创业） and innovation were encouraged as a way to create jobs. The number of new market entities began growing rapidly（快速增长） again, leading to the creation of （创造了） a large number of new jobs. A total of 11.86 million urban jobs were added, and the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate dropped to（降到） 5.2 percent. 

It is truly remarkable that China, the largest developing country in the world, has kept overall employment stable in the face of such an enormous shock.

（作为最大发展中国家,在巨大冲击下能够保持就业大局稳定,尤为难能可贵。） 

The supply and price stability of daily necessities was ensured; the consumer price index (CPI) posted a 2.5 percent growth（上涨 2.5％）. Practices like working from home, online shopping, and contactless delivery were widely adopted. We expanded the coverage of unemployment insurance schemes, and extended timely assistance to those who were hit particularly hard by Covid-19. Close to six million additional people received subsistence allowances（生活补贴） or extreme poverty aid（特困补助）, and more than eight million temporary assistance grants（补助金） were disbursed（支出）. We fought against（与....对抗） severe floods, typhoons, and other natural disasters and spared no effort（不遗余力） to provide rescue and relief to disaster victims and make appropriate arrangements for them, thus protecting people’s lives and property（人民群众生命财产） and ensuring their basic living needs（基本生活需要）.

 

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三是坚决打好三大攻坚战,主要目标任务如期完成。较大幅度增加财政扶贫资金投入。对工作难度大的贫困县和贫困村挂牌督战,精准落实各项帮扶措施。优先支持贫困劳动力稳岗就业,帮助返乡贫困劳动力再就业,努力稳住务工收入。加大产业扶贫力度,深入开展消费扶贫。加强易返贫致贫人口监测和帮扶。年初剩余的 551 万农村贫困人口全部脱贫、52 个贫困县全部摘帽。继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战,完成污染防治攻坚战阶段性目标任务。长江、黄河、海岸带等重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程深入实施,生态建设得到加强。稳妥化解地方政府债务风险,及时处置一批重大金融风险隐患。 

3. We made decisive progress（取得了决定性的进展） in the three critical battles（关键的战役） against poverty, pollution and potential risk（三大攻坚战：精准脱贫、污染防治、防范化解重大风险）, achieving major targets and tasks as planned.

We increased funding for poverty alleviation by a considerable sum（较大幅度）. Counties and villages facing difficulty in poverty eradication（根除） were placed under special supervision to see they fully implemented all assistance and support policies. We assisted on a priority basis poor workers in securing jobs and poor rural migrant workers who had returned home in finding new jobs, thus keeping rural residents’ incomes from nonagricultural work stable. We worked harder to reduce poverty through the development of local industries and promote consumer spending on products from poor areas. We strengthened monitoring for groups who are liable to（易于....；有....倾向的） return to, or fall into, poverty, and provided them with assistance（提供帮助）. All remaining（剩余的） poor rural residents, totaling 5.51 million in early 2020, were lifted from poverty（脱贫，也可写作were lifted out of poverty）, as were all of China’s remaining 52 poor counties.

We continued working to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our lands pollution-free（净土）, and accomplished the objectives for pollution prevention and control（污染防治攻坚） for the current stage.（近阶段）

（继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战,完成污染防治攻坚战阶段性目标任务）. 

We carried out major projects for protecting and restoring（修复） key ecosystems in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins and along coastlines, and stepped up（增加，提高） our ecological conservation endeavors（努力）. We took prudent（谨慎的） steps to defuse（平息，化解） local government debt risks and acted swiftly to defuse（及时处置） a number of major financial risks and potential dangers（隐患）.

 

四是坚定不移推进改革开放,发展活力和内生动力进一步增强。完善要素市场化配置体制机制。深入推进“放管服”改革,实施优化营商环境条例。出台国企改革三年行动方案。支持民营企业发展。完善资本市场基础制度。扎实推进农业农村、社会事业等领域改革。共建“一带一路”稳步推进。海南自由贸易港建设等重大举措陆续推出。成功举办第三届中国国际进口博览会、中国国际服务贸易交易会。推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定签署。完成中欧投资协定谈判。维护产业链供应链稳定,对外贸易和利用外资保持增长。 

4. We continued to advance reform and opening up（推进改革开放） and further boosted（进一步增强） the vitality and momentum（活力和动力） of development. 

We improved the systems and mechanisms for the market allocation of production factors（要素市场化配置）. We furthered（深化，推进） reforms to streamline administration（简政） and delegate（授权，把……委托给） power, improve regulation, and upgrade services; and the Regulations on Improving the Business Environment were implemented. We adopted a three-year action plan for SOE（国有企业(State Owned Enterprises) reform and supported the development of private businesses. The underlying systems(基础制度) of the capital market were improved. We made solid strides in reforms related to agriculture, rural development, and social programs. Steady progress was achieved in the joint pursuit of the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议；另外有主动性、措施的意思） (BRI). Major measures to develop the Hainan Free Trade Port and other major initiatives were launched（推出）. The third China International Import Expo and the China International Fair for Trade in Services were hosted successfully. China played an important role in the signing of the Regional Comprehensive Economic（区域全面经济） Partnership Agreement, and it concluded negotiations on an investment agreement with the European Union. China’s industrial chains and supply chains were kept stable（稳定）. And its foreign trade and utilized foreign investment posted steady growth（稳增长）.

 

五是大力促进科技创新,产业转型升级步伐加快。建设国际科技创新中心和综合性国家科学中心,成功组建首批国家实验室。“天问一号”、“嫦娥五号”、“奋斗者”号等突破性成果不断涌现。加强关键核心技术攻关。支持科技成果转化应用,促进大中小企业融通创新,推广全面创新改革试验相关举措。推动产业数字化智能化改造,战略性新兴产业保持快速发展势头。 

4. We vigorously promoted（大力促进）innovation in science and technology（科技创新） and accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading. We developed China’s international centers for science and technology innovation and comprehensive national science centers, and set up the country’s first group of national laboratories. Last year saw a stream of scientific and technological breakthroughs（突破性成果不断涌现）, like the Tianwen-1 Mars mission（天问一号）, the Chang’e-5 lunar mission（嫦娥五号）, and the Fendouzhe (Striver) deep-sea manned（载人的）submersible（可潜水的）（“奋斗者”号）. We intensified efforts to（增强）make major breakthroughs（取得重大突破/进步，即攻破关卡） in core technologies（核心技术） in key fields. We supported the application of scientific and technological advances, encouraged collaborative innovation（合作的创新，即融通创新） among small, medium, and large enterprises, and promoted pilot reforms on all-around innovation. More was done to upgrade the industrial sector with digital and smart technologies（数字化智能化）; and strategic emerging（新兴的） industries maintained rapid development.