ICAO素材:Near Collision with Private Aircraft

On August 25, 2021, A Safair Boeing 737-400performing flight 142 from Cape Town to East London (South Africa) with 158 passengers and 6 crew, was on an ILS approach to East London's runway 11, cleared to land on runway 11 and descending through 1400 feet MSL.

A student pilot flying a PA28 was conducting a solo navigational flight from Port Alfred to East London (South Africa) intending to do two touch and goes at East London. Tower instructed the aircraft to join a left downwind and report the downwind, the aircraft was subsequently observed near the runway center line. ATC therefore instructed the aircraft to turn right and re-establish on the left downwind, however, the aircraft turned right causing a loss of separation.

South Africa's AIID reported the separation between the aircraft reduced to 100 feet vertical (the PA28 above the B734) and no horizontal distance, however stated the student pilot had the Boeing in sight all the time. 

The AIID rated the occurrence a serious incident and opened an investigation. The Boeing crew received a TCAS Traffic Advisory.

The AIID reported that the PA28 was finally instructed to orbit, subsequently performed one touch and go after the Boeing had landed and vacated the runway, the PA28 left the area.

The AAID stated that the student pilot had English language experience level 6 (expert) and sufficiently able to speak and understand the English language.

OPI操练

Q1：Have you ever encountered near collision or near miss during flight?

Q2: What are the possible reasons for near collision?

Q3: How can pilots avoid near collision from happening?

Q4: If the separation between the aircraft exceeds the limit, how will the controller deal with it?

附9月21日（周二）投票结果及参考文本

P: Chengdu Control, CSN4971, we areunable to control the pressurization, cabin altitude is rising fast, request immediate descent to 3000m.

C: CSN4971, descend to 3000m,report reaching.

P: descending 3000m, report reaching, CSN4971.        

Question: What was the crew's initial maneuver?

问：机组的最初机动是什么？

A. Go to lower altitude 

B. Climb to higher altitude 

C. Evacuate 

D. Maintain altitude 

Answer: D

答案解析：

飞行员在某个阶段（爬升？下降？巡航？）遇到增压问题，请求马上下降高度到3000米，问机组最初机动是什么？也就是机组请求下降前在干什么？

如果飞行员最初在爬升(climb to a higher altitude)，飞行员会请求当前高度改平（request level off);

如果飞行员最初在巡航 （maintain altitude/cruise)，飞行员会请求马上/快速/紧急下降（request immediate/rapid/emergency descent);

如果飞行员最初在下降，飞行员会请求进一步下降(request further descent)。

所以飞行员最初的机动是什么？爬升（climb to a higher altitude)？下降（descend to a lower altitude)？巡航(maintain altitude)?

你作对了吗？